;;; bess1.scm -- some examples from clm-2/rt.lisp and clm-2/bess5.cl

;; Author: Michael Scholz <scholz-micha@gmx.de>
;; Created: Thu May 29 04:14:35 CEST 2003
;; Last: Sun Jun 15 03:50:21 CEST 2003
;; changed slightly 14-Jun-06 Bill to match bess.scm, fix pitch problem in make-oscil.
;;   then again 18-Dec-09 to use s7 rather than Guile
;; changed float-vector-map! to use a loop instead (Bill 4-July-12)

(if (not (provided? 'snd-motif)) (error "bess1.scm needs motif"))

;;; Commentary:

;; This file provides simple mono real time output to DAC.  Tempo,
;; frequency, amplitude, and FM index can be controlled via sliders.
;; The music algorithms are taken from clm-2/rt.lisp and
;; clm-2/bess5.cl.

;; (main) calls (rt-motif) which starts a Motif widget with two DAC
;; tests.
;;
;; (rt-motif :srate       *clm-srate*        ;; 22050
;;           :bufsize     *clm-rt-bufsize*   ;; 128
;;           :sample-type *clm-sample-type*) ;; mus-lshort

;;; Code:

(with-let *motif*

(set! *clm-srate* 22050)

(define *clm-sample-type* mus-lfloat)
(define *clm-rt-bufsize* 1024)
(define *output* #f)			;holds fd from (mus-audio-open-output)

(define ctempo 0.25)
(define camp 1.0)
(define cfreq 1.0)
(define cindex 1.0)
(define cplay #f)
  
(define sliderback "lightsteelblue")
(define background "lightsteelblue1")

;(define (seconds->samples secs) (round (* secs *clm-srate*)))

;; called by XtAppAddWorkProc
(define (rt-send->dac func)
  (if cplay
      (let ((data (make-float-vector *clm-rt-bufsize*)))
	(do ((i 0 (+ i 1)))
	    ((= i *clm-rt-bufsize*))
	  (set! (data i) (func)))
	(mus-audio-write *output* (copy data (make-float-vector (list 1 *clm-rt-bufsize*))) *clm-rt-bufsize*)
	#f)
      (begin
	(mus-audio-close *output*)
	#t)))

(define make-rt-violin 
  (let ((documentation "(make-rt-violin dur freq amp (fm-index 1.0) (amp-env '(0 0 25 1 75 1 100 0))) real time simple violin (see fm.html)"))
    (lambda* (dur freq amp (fm-index 1.0) (amp-env '(0 0 25 1 75 1 100 0)))
      (let* ((frq-scl (hz->radians freq))
	     (maxdev (* frq-scl fm-index)))
	(let ((carrier (make-oscil :frequency freq))
	      (fmosc1 (make-oscil :frequency freq))
	      (fmosc2 (make-oscil :frequency (* 3 freq)))
	      (fmosc3 (make-oscil :frequency (* 4 freq)))
	      (ampf (make-env :envelope amp-env :scaler amp :duration dur))
	      (indf1 (make-env :envelope '(0 1 25 0.4 75 0.6000000000000001 100 0) 
			       :scaler (* maxdev (/ 5.0 (log freq)))
			       :duration dur))
	      (indf2 (make-env :envelope '(0 1 25 0.4 75 0.6000000000000001 100 0) 
			       :scaler (/ (* maxdev 3.0 (- 8.5 (log freq))) (+ 3.0 (/ freq 1000)))
			       :duration dur))
	      (indf3 (make-env :envelope '(0 1 25 0.4 75 0.6000000000000001 100 0) 
			       :scaler (* maxdev (/ 4.0 (sqrt freq)))
			       :duration dur))
	      (pervib (make-triangle-wave :frequency 5 :amplitude (* 0.0025 frq-scl)))
	      (ranvib (make-rand-interp :frequency 16 :amplitude (* 0.005 frq-scl))))
	  (lambda ()
	    (let ((vib (+ (triangle-wave pervib) (rand-interp ranvib))))
	      (* (env ampf)
		 (oscil carrier
			(+ vib 
			   (* (env indf1) (oscil fmosc1 vib))
			   (* (env indf2) (oscil fmosc2 (* 3.0 vib)))
			   (* (env indf3) (oscil fmosc3 (* 4.0 vib)))))))))))))

(define lim 256)

;; from clm-2/rt.lisp
(define* (make-float-vector-test (srate *clm-srate*)
			(bufsize *clm-rt-bufsize*)
			(sample-type *clm-sample-type*))
  (let ((vpits (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))
	(vbegs (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0)))
    (do ((i 0 (+ 1 i)))
	((= i lim))
      (set! (vpits i) (random 12))
      (set! (vbegs i) (+ 1 (random 3))))
    (set! *clm-srate* srate)
    (set! *clm-rt-bufsize* bufsize)
    (set! *output* (mus-audio-open-output mus-audio-default srate 1 sample-type (* bufsize 2)))

    (let ((cellbeg 0)
	  (cellsiz 6)
	  (cellctr 0)
	  (func #f)
	  (len 0)
	  (dur 0.0)
	  (vmode (vector 0 12 2 4 14 4 5 5 0 7 7 11 11)))
      (lambda ()
	(if (> len 1)
	    (set! len (- len 1))
	    (begin
	      (set! dur (* ctempo (vbegs (+ cellctr 1))))
	      (set! cellctr (+ cellctr 1))
	      (if (> cellctr (+ cellsiz cellbeg))
		  (begin
		    (if (> (random 1.0) 0.5) (set! cellbeg (+ 1 cellbeg)))
		    (if (> (random 1.0) 0.5) (set! cellsiz (+ 1 cellsiz)))
		    (set! cellctr cellbeg)))
	      
	      (let ((freq (* cfreq 16.351 16
			     (expt 2 (/ (vmode (vpits cellctr)) 12.0)))))
		(format () "dur: ~A, freq: ~A, amp: ~A, index: ~A~%"
			dur
			(if (< (* 8 freq) *clm-srate*)
			    freq
			    (/ freq 4))
			(* camp 0.3) 
			cindex)
		(set! func (make-rt-violin dur
					   (if (< (* 8 freq) *clm-srate*)
					       freq
					       (/ freq 4))
					   (* camp 0.3) :fm-index cindex)))
	      (set! len (ceiling (/ (seconds->samples dur) bufsize)))))
	func))))

;; from clm-2/bess5.cl and clm-2/clm-example.lisp
(define time 60)
(define mode (vector 0 0 2 4 11 11 5 6 7 9 2 0 0))
(define rats (vector 1.0 256/243 9/8 32/27 81/64 4/3 1024/729 3/2 128/81 27/16 16/9 243/128 2.0))

(define bell '(0 0 10 0.25 90 1.0 100 1.0))

(define pits (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))
(define octs (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))
(define rhys (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))
(define begs (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))
(define amps (make-vector (+ 1 lim) 0))

(define (tune x)
  (* (rats (modulo x 12))
     (expt 2 (floor (/ x 12)))))

(define (rbell x)
  (envelope-interp (* x 100) bell))

(define* (make-agn (srate *clm-srate*)
		   (bufsize *clm-rt-bufsize*)
		   (sample-type *clm-sample-type*))
  (do ((i 0 (+ i 1)))
      ((= i lim))
    (set! (octs i) (floor (+ 4 (* 2 (rbell (random 1.0))))))
    (set! (pits i) (mode (random 12)))
    (set! (rhys i) (+ 4 (random 6)))
    (set! (begs i) (if (< (random 1.0) 0.9) 
		       (+ 4 (random 2))
		       (random 24)))
    (set! (amps i) (floor (+ 1 (* 8 (rbell (random 1.0)))))))
  (set! *clm-srate* srate)
  (set! *clm-rt-bufsize* bufsize)
  (set! *output* (mus-audio-open-output mus-audio-default srate 1 sample-type (* bufsize 2)))
  (let ((wins (vector '(0 0 40 0.1 60 0.2 75 0.4 82 1 90 1 100 0)
		      '(0 0 60 0.1 80 0.2 90 0.4 95 1 100 0)
		      '(0 0 10 1 16 0 32 0.1 50 1 56 0 60 0 90 0.3 100 0)
		      '(0 0 30 1 56 0 60 0 90 0.3 100 0)
		      '(0 0 50 1 80 0.3 100 0)
		      '(0 0 40 0.1 60 0.2 75 0.4 82 1 90 1 100 0)
		      '(0 0 40 0.1 60 0.2 75 0.4 82 1 90 1 100 0)
		      '(0 0 10 1 32 0.1 50 1 90 0.3 100 0)
		      '(0 0 60 0.1 80 0.3 95 1 100 0)
		      '(0 0 80 0.1 90 1 100 0)))
	(nextbeg 0.0)
	(beg 0.0)
	(dur 0.0)
	(freq 0.0)
	(ampl 0.0)
	(ind 0.0)
	(cellctr 0)
	(cellsiz 4)
	(cellbeg 0)
	(whichway 1)
	(func #f)
	(len 0))
    (lambda ()
      (if (> len 1)
	  (set! len (- len 1))
	  (begin
	    (set! beg (+ beg nextbeg))
	    (set! nextbeg (+ nextbeg (max 0.025 (* ctempo (+ 0.95 (random 0.1)) (begs cellctr)))))
	    (set! dur (max 0.025 (* ctempo (+ 0.85 (random 0.1)) (rhys cellctr))))
	    (set! freq (* cfreq 16.351 (tune (pits cellctr)) (expt 2 (octs cellctr))))
	    (set! ampl (* camp 10 (max 0.003 (* (amps cellctr) 0.01))))
	    (set! ind (* cindex (random 3.0)))
	    (set! cellctr (+ cellctr 1))
	    (if (> cellctr (+ cellsiz cellbeg))
		(begin
		  (set! cellbeg (+ 1 cellbeg))
		  (if (> (random 1.0) 0.5) (set! cellsiz (+ cellsiz whichway)))
		  (cond ((and (> cellsiz 10)
			      (> (random 1.0) 0.99))
			 (set! whichway -2))
			((and (> cellsiz 6)
			      (> (random 1.0) 0.999))
			 (set! whichway -1))
			((< cellsiz 4) 
			 (set! whichway 1)))
		  (set! nextbeg (+ nextbeg (random 1.0)))
		  (set! cellctr cellbeg)))
	    (set! func (make-rt-violin dur freq ampl
				       :fm-index ind
				       :amp-env (wins (floor (* 10 (- beg (floor beg)))))))
	    (set! len (ceiling (/ (seconds->samples dur) bufsize)))))
      func)))

#|
;; from env.scm
(define* (envelope-interp :rest args)
  (let ((x (car args))
	(env (cadr args))
	(base (if (null? (cddr args)) #f (caddr args))))
    (cond ((null? env) 0.0)
	  ((or (<= x (car env))
	       (null? (cddr env)))
	   (cadr env))
	  ((> (caddr env) x)
	   (if (or (= (cadr env) (cadddr env))
		   (and base (= base 0.0)))
	       (cadr env)
	       (if (or (not base) (= base 1.0))
		   (+ (cadr env)
		      (* (- x (car env))
			 (/ (- (cadddr env) (cadr env))
			    (- (caddr env) (car env)))))
		   (+ (cadr env)
		      (* (/ (- (cadddr env) (cadr env))
			    (- base 1.0))
			 (- (expt base (/ (- x (car env))
					  (- (caddr env) (car env))))
			    1.0))))))
	  (else (envelope-interp x (cddr env))))))
|#

(define* (rt-motif :rest args)
  (let* ((shell-app (XtVaOpenApplication 
		     "FM" 0 () applicationShellWidgetClass
		     (list XmNallowShellResize #t)))
	 (app (cadr shell-app))
	 (shell (car shell-app))
	 (dpy (XtDisplay shell))
	 (black (BlackPixelOfScreen (DefaultScreenOfDisplay dpy))))

    (define (get-color color)
      (let ((col (XColor))
	    (cmap (DefaultColormap dpy (DefaultScreen dpy))))
	(if (= (XAllocNamedColor dpy cmap color col col) 0)
	    (error (format #f "can't allocate ~A" color))
	    (.pixel col))))

    (define (set-flabel label value)
      (let ((s1 (XmStringCreate (format #f "~5,3F" value) XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG)))
	(XtVaSetValues label (list XmNlabelString s1))
	(XmStringFree s1)))

    (XtSetValues shell (list XmNtitle "FM Forever!"))
    (let* ((light-blue (get-color sliderback))
	   (form (XtCreateManagedWidget "form" xmFormWidgetClass shell 
					(list XmNbackground (get-color background)
					      XmNforeground black
					      XmNresizePolicy XmRESIZE_GROW)))
	   ;; play
	   (play-button (XtCreateManagedWidget "play" xmToggleButtonWidgetClass form
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   ;; radio
	   (radio (XmCreateRadioBox form "radio"
				    (list XmNorientation XmHORIZONTAL
					  XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
					  XmNleftWidget       play-button
					  XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
					  XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_FORM
					  XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
					  XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   ;; play agn
	   (agn-button (XtCreateManagedWidget "agn" xmToggleButtonWidgetClass radio
					      (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_FORM
						    XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						    XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_FORM
						    XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						    XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   ;; play test
	   (test-button (XtCreateManagedWidget "test" xmToggleButtonWidgetClass radio
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						     XmNleftWidget       agn-button
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   ;; quit
	   (quit-button (XtCreateManagedWidget " quit " xmPushButtonWidgetClass form
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						     XmNleftWidget       radio
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
           (tempo (let ((sep (XtCreateManagedWidget "sep" xmSeparatorWidgetClass form
						    (list XmNleftAttachment XmATTACH_FORM 
							  XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
							  XmNtopAttachment XmATTACH_WIDGET 
							  XmNtopWidget radio 
							  XmNrightAttachment XmATTACH_FORM 
							  XmNheight 4 
							  XmNorientation XmHORIZONTAL))))
                    (XtCreateManagedWidget " tempo:" xmLabelWidgetClass form
					   (list XmNleftAttachment XmATTACH_FORM 
						 XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE 
						 XmNtopAttachment XmATTACH_WIDGET 
						 XmNtopWidget sep 
						 XmNrightAttachment XmATTACH_NONE 
						 XmNrecomputeSize #f
						 XmNbackground (get-color background)))))

	   (tempo-label (XtCreateManagedWidget "label" xmLabelWidgetClass form
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						     XmNleftWidget       tempo
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						     XmNtopWidget        tempo
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   (tempo-scale (XtCreateManagedWidget "tempo" xmScaleWidgetClass form
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						     XmNleftWidget       tempo-label
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						     XmNtopWidget        tempo-label
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNshowValue        #f
						     XmNorientation      XmHORIZONTAL
						     XmNheight           20
						     XmNbackground       light-blue)))
	   ;; freq
	   (freq (XtCreateManagedWidget "  freq:" xmLabelWidgetClass form
					(list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_FORM
					      XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
					      XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_WIDGET
					      XmNtopWidget        tempo
					      XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
					      XmNrecomputeSize    #f
					      XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   (freq-label (XtCreateManagedWidget "label" xmLabelWidgetClass form
					      (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						    XmNleftWidget       freq
						    XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						    XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						    XmNtopWidget        freq
						    XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						    XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   (freq-scale (XtCreateManagedWidget "freq" xmScaleWidgetClass form
					      (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						    XmNleftWidget       freq-label
						    XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						    XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						    XmNtopWidget        freq-label
						    XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_FORM
						    XmNshowValue        #f
						    XmNorientation      XmHORIZONTAL
						    XmNheight           20
						    XmNbackground       light-blue)))
	   ;; amp
	   (amp (XtCreateManagedWidget "   amp:" xmLabelWidgetClass form
				       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_FORM
					     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
					     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_WIDGET
					     XmNtopWidget        freq
					     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
					     XmNrecomputeSize    #f
					     XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   (amp-label (XtCreateManagedWidget "label" xmLabelWidgetClass form
					     (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						   XmNleftWidget       amp
						   XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						   XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						   XmNtopWidget        amp
						   XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						   XmNbackground       (get-color background))))
	   (amp-scale (XtCreateManagedWidget "amp" xmScaleWidgetClass form
					     (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						   XmNleftWidget       amp-label
						   XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						   XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						   XmNtopWidget        amp-label
						   XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_FORM
						   XmNshowValue        #f
						   XmNorientation      XmHORIZONTAL
						   XmNheight           20
						   XmNbackground       light-blue)))
	   (index-label (let ((index (XtCreateManagedWidget " index:" xmLabelWidgetClass form
							    (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_FORM
								  XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
								  XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_WIDGET
								  XmNtopWidget        amp
								  XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
								  XmNrecomputeSize    #f
								  XmNbackground       (get-color background)))))
			  (XtCreateManagedWidget "label" xmLabelWidgetClass form
						 (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						       XmNleftWidget       index
						       XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						       XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						       XmNtopWidget        index
						       XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_NONE
						       XmNbackground       (get-color background)))))
	   (index-scale (XtCreateManagedWidget "index" xmScaleWidgetClass form
					       (list XmNleftAttachment   XmATTACH_WIDGET
						     XmNleftWidget       index-label
						     XmNbottomAttachment XmATTACH_NONE
						     XmNtopAttachment    XmATTACH_OPPOSITE_WIDGET
						     XmNtopWidget        index-label
						     XmNrightAttachment  XmATTACH_FORM
						     XmNshowValue        #f
						     XmNorientation      XmHORIZONTAL
						     XmNheight           20
						     XmNbackground       light-blue))))
      (let ((low-tempo 0.05)
	    (high-tempo 0.5)
	    (low-freq 0.1)
	    (high-freq 4.0)
	    (high-index 2.0)
	    (which-play 0)
	    (proc #f)
	    (func #f))
	
	(define (tempo-callback w c i)
	  (set! ctempo (+ low-tempo (* (.value i) (/ (- high-tempo low-tempo) 100.0))))
	  (set-flabel tempo-label ctempo))
	
	(define (amp-callback w c i)
	  (let ((high-amp 1.0))
	    (set! camp (* (.value i) (/ high-amp 100.0))))
	  (set-flabel amp-label camp))
	
	(define (freq-callback w c i)
	  (set! cfreq (+ low-freq (* (.value i) (/ (- high-freq low-freq) 100.0))))
	  (set-flabel freq-label cfreq))
	
	(define (index-callback w c i)
	  (set! cindex (* (.value i) (/ high-index 100.0)))
	  (set-flabel index-label cindex))
	
	(define (set-defaults)
	  (set! ctempo 0.25)
	  (set! camp 1.0)
	  (set! cfreq 1.0)
	  (set! cindex 1.0)
	  (set-flabel tempo-label ctempo)
	  (set-flabel amp-label camp)
	  (set-flabel freq-label cfreq)
	  (set-flabel index-label cindex)
	  (XmScaleSetValue tempo-scale (floor (* 100 (/ (- ctempo low-tempo) (- high-tempo low-tempo)))))
	  (XmScaleSetValue freq-scale (floor (* 100 (/ (- cfreq low-freq) (- high-freq low-freq)))))
	  (XmScaleSetValue amp-scale (floor (* 100 camp)))
	  (XmScaleSetValue index-scale (floor (* 100 (/ cindex high-index)))))
	
	(XtManageChild radio)
	;; add scale-change (drag and value-changed) callbacks
	(XtAddCallback tempo-scale XmNdragCallback tempo-callback)
	(XtAddCallback tempo-scale XmNvalueChangedCallback tempo-callback)
	
	(XtAddCallback amp-scale XmNdragCallback amp-callback)
	(XtAddCallback amp-scale XmNvalueChangedCallback amp-callback)
	
	(XtAddCallback freq-scale XmNdragCallback freq-callback)
	(XtAddCallback freq-scale XmNvalueChangedCallback freq-callback)
	
	(XtAddCallback index-scale XmNdragCallback index-callback)
	(XtAddCallback index-scale XmNvalueChangedCallback index-callback)
	
	(XtAddCallback agn-button XmNvalueChangedCallback
		       (lambda (w c i)
			 (if (.set i)
			     (set! which-play 0))
			 (set! cplay #f)
			 (XmToggleButtonSetState play-button cplay #f)))
	
	(XmToggleButtonSetState agn-button #t #f)
	(XtAddCallback test-button XmNvalueChangedCallback
		       (lambda (w c i)
			 (if (.set i)
			     (set! which-play 1))
			 (set! cplay #f)
			 (XmToggleButtonSetState play-button cplay #f)))
	
	(XtAddCallback quit-button XmNactivateCallback
		       (lambda (w c i)
			 (set! cplay #f)
			 (if proc (XtRemoveWorkProc proc))
			 (exit 0)))
	
	(XtAddCallback play-button XmNvalueChangedCallback
		       (lambda (w c i)
			 (set! cplay (.set i))
			 (if cplay
			     (begin
			       (set-defaults)
			       (set! func (apply (if (= which-play 0) make-agn make-float-vector-test) (or args ())))
			       (set! proc (XtAppAddWorkProc app (lambda (c) (rt-send->dac func)))))
			     (if proc (XtRemoveWorkProc proc)))))
	(XmToggleButtonSetState play-button cplay #f)
	(set-defaults)
	(XtRealizeWidget shell))
      (XtAppMainLoop app))))

(rt-motif)
)
;; bess1.scm ends here